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L. R. NORMAN :8v W. F. DIETERICHS.

BRICK KILN. y

No. 61,448. Patented Jan. 22, 1867;

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LESLIE B. NORMAN AND WILLIAM F. DIETERGHS, JR., F-ST. LOTES, MlS- SOURI Lettera Patent No. 61,448, datedJanuay-y 22, 1867.

IMPEOVED BEIGE-m.

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To ALL WHoM 1T MAY coN'cnRN:

Be it known that we, Lnsnln R. NORMAN and WILLIAM F. Dinrn'RIcis', Jr., both ofthe city and county of St. Louis and State offMissouri, have invented n new and useful improvement in. Kilns for Burning Bricks Tiles, Earthenwnre,'&c., &c.; and we do hereby declare that the following is a, full and clear description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawingsfnnd to the letters or reference marked thereon.

' ',This invention relates, rst'ly, to the'construction of the walls of the kiln, which are arched over thetop of the chamber wherein the articles nre to be burned, and the said arch is to be formed of two thicknesses of wall, so ns to leave n'chcmber between for purposes of ventilation or escupe of the steam that will generate `within the kiln during the early part of the process of burning; and this construction of the' walls of the -kiln also has theeect to retain und economize the bent; secondly, this invention relates t'o th'e nrmngement of the draught or smoke ilues, and also to the cold-air ues that supply the cold air to the kiln; thirdly, the invention relates to the Ventilating devices for conducting the stee'm from .the inte-rior of the kiln into 'the air and steam chamber between'the two arches, und from thence into the open nir outside of the kiln; vfourthly, the invcn tion 'relates to the construction of the Walls of vertical sidesofthe kiln in n. concave form, so es to resist the expnncling force of the hccitnithin, und also the epending force of the steam that will loe-generated from the bricks or other articles thetnre being burned, and which expanding forcetvould tend to burst 'the kiln esunder. I To enable those sllilledi'n the nrt to make und use nur improved kiln, We will proceed to 'describe its construction und operation.

VFigure 1 of the drawings is en elevation in perspective ci one of the improved kilns.

Figure 2 is c longitudinal verticel section Figure 8 isn transverse vert-ioni section.

Figure 4 is a. horizontal section, showing the plan of the fioorendfurnnees uithin the kiln.

Theiiiln is to bc entirelyenclosed by brick-Work yor masonry, und. the whole of the ,interior of it should be formed of fire-brick. lhe top of it should have n double nrch, A. Al thrownover it, so as to leu-ve en open chamber, .A2, between' the upper and lower srch. The lors-e1.' arch, A, hes numerous perforation, az, through it, so ns to permit the steam and hot gases that muy be generated within the kiln topsssup into the snid clarinber A, from 'whence they may escape through "the Anpertures in the outer walls of the kiln, thet are closed by the smell Ventilating doors a'. During the ecrly port of the procese of burning, the doo-rs a Willbeppen su ns to permit the steam to escupe Without injuring thc wells of the kiln, otherwisev the expansive force of the steem would 'endanger the cracking or bursting of' the Walls, und therebyinjure or destroy the ltiln. After the tire lshall have been burning n. suilicent length of time to drive off ell the steam that muy be generated from the moisture of the articles that are being burned, the doors a' nrc tobe closed so es to confine the heated nir in the chamber A2, und this'liot-:Li-r chamber interposed between'the inner und outer utilis .of the kiln will greatly economize fuel`by the prevention of the loss of hoot by rudietion. The'furneces E nre arranged in the usuel mennerof thc furnaces of brick-kilns, 2f. e., running entirely across the `bottoni of the kiln, and having doors, b, through `which thc fuel is i'efl into them. The doors are intended ttoopen into the ash-pits, for the purpose of removing refuse mutter therefrom. The eil-:that is 'to feed the furnaces is to he conducted in pipes (not shown) underground into the n-irboxes @,whence itjis permittedto poss through the oricesc'into the furnaces. These orifices c-are to bcI distributed along the en'trejlength of the furnnces','so as to eiord en equal distribution of nir to ull parts of the furnace. This construction is clenrly showriin 'g. S. There are sniokeiiucs, D, built of tire-brick, on the tops and outer ends of the air-chambers G, as clearly shown in figs. 3 und These lines, are connected by means oi' the short transverse flue-s d with the discharge ues DI', which terminate in the chime neys D2 above the top of the kiln. The construction of the fines l)l is clearly shown in iig. 3. By this construction a. large puri: of thc heut that would otherwise escupe with the smoke 'is absorbed by the brick-work surrounding the saiues, and so rota-ined inthe kiln, and thus economizcd. The pluu of the vertical walls of thc kiln should-be concave on the outer sides, as shown' clearly in iig. 4. They should also beustrengthened by means of horizontal iron bands, (not showin) and similsr iron bonds or braces should also be used in the Walls vertically. This concave construction of the walls will greatly strengthen them and prevent the bursting of them by the expansive-force of the confined` heat or steam within the kiln.

Having described our invention, what we claim, is-

1. The construction and arrangement' of the smoke-dues D d DI, fas described and set forth.

2. We claim the cold air or supply-chambers C, and the distribution'of the air to the .furnaces through a. series of orifices, c, as described and set forth.

3. We claim the construction of the vertical walls of'the kiln with concave sides, so as to resist the interior p ressnrefrom the expansive force of the heat and steam.

' LESLIE R. NORMAN,

WILLIAM F. DIETERICHS, JB.- Witnesses:

M. RANDOLPH,

S. EL Rnmonrn. 

